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Red |flag = |website = |country = Iran }} The People's Mojahedin of Iran or the Mojahedin-e-Khalq (MEK, also PMOI, MKO; Persian: ''sāzmān-e mojāhedin-e khalq-e irān'') is an Iranian opposition movement in exile that advocates the overthrow of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Massoud Rajavi is the Secretary-General of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran. It was founded on September 5, 1965 by a group of left-leaning Muslim Iranian university students, as a Muslim, progressive, nationalist and democratic organization,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.mojahedin.org/eventsen/8 )〕 who were devoted to armed struggle against the Shah of Iran and his supporters. The PMOI played an active role in the protests within Iran that ultimately led to the downfall of the Shah in 1979. Consequently, the PMOI came into conflict with the succeeding fundamentalist regime of the Ayatollah Khomeini〔(【引用サイトリンク】website=Courts and Tribunals Judiciary )〕 In the immediate aftermath of the 1979 Islamic Revolution, the MEK was suppressed by Khomeini's revolutionary organizations and harassed by the Hezbollahi, who attacked meeting places, bookstores, and kiosks of the Mujahideen. Toward the end of 1981, several PMOI members and supporters went into exile. Their principal refuge was in France.〔 The group renounced violence in 2001 and today it is the main component organization of the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI), an "umbrella coalition" calling itself the "parliament-in-exile dedicated to a democratic, secular and coalition government in Iran." Despite the public renouncement of violence, the MEK have been accused by numerous commentators of being financed, trained, and armed by Israel to assassinate Iranian nuclear scientists and educators. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Israel teams with terror group to kill Iran's nuclear scientists, U.S. officials tell NBC News - Rock Center with Brian Williams )〕 The MEK has denied any involvement in the assassinations and the existence of any alliance with Israel. While the MEK's leadership has resided in Paris, the group's core members were for many years confined to Camp Ashraf in Iraq, and later in 2003 the MEK and U.S. forces signed a cease-fire agreement of "mutual understanding and coordination."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://campashraf.org/camp-ashraf/ )〕 The group's remaining 3,200 members were recently compelled to move to ex-U.S. military base Camp Liberty. Over more than a decade, the MEK/NCRI made several assertions about Iran’s nuclear program, not all of which proved accurate. However, the MEK/NCRI revealed in 2002 that Iran pursued a covert program to enable production of nuclear weapon material that was not declared to the IAEA as required by the NPT. The European Union, Canada and the United States formerly listed the MEK as a terrorist organization, but this designation has since been lifted, first by the Council of the European Union in January 26, 2009 (following what the group called a "seven-year-long legal and political battle"), then by a decision by U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton〔 on September 21, 2012 and lastly by a decision by the Canadian government on December 20, 2012. ==Other names== The People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran is known by a variety of names including: * Mojahedin-e-Khalq Organization (MEK) * The National Liberation Army of Iran (the group's armed wing) * National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI) – the MEK is the founding member of a coalition of organizations called the NCRI.〔(DC Court of Appeals Rules Against NCRI Petition for Review of "Foreign Terrorist Organization" Designation ), July 9, 2004, United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia〕 * Monafiqeen – the Iranian government consistently refers to the People's Mujahedin with this derogatory name, meaning "the hypocrites". ''Note: The acronym MEK is used throughout this article, as it is commonly used by the media and national governments around the world to refer to the People's Mujahedin.'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「People's Mujahedin of Iran」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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